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+/**********************************************************************************************
+*
+*   rprand v1.0 - A simple and easy-to-use pseudo-random numbers generator (PRNG)
+*
+*   FEATURES:
+*       - Pseudo-random values generation, 32 bits: [0..4294967295]
+*       - Sequence generation avoiding duplicate values
+*       - Using standard and proven prng algorithm (Xoshiro128**)
+*       - State initialized with a separate generator (SplitMix64)
+*
+*   LIMITATIONS:
+*       - No negative numbers, up to the user to manage them
+*
+*   POSSIBLE IMPROVEMENTS:
+*       - Support 64 bits generation
+*
+*   ADDITIONAL NOTES:
+*     This library implements two pseudo-random number generation algorithms: 
+*
+*         - Xoshiro128** : https://prng.di.unimi.it/xoshiro128starstar.c
+*         - SplitMix64   : https://prng.di.unimi.it/splitmix64.c
+*
+*     SplitMix64 is used to initialize the Xoshiro128** state, from a provided seed
+*
+*     It's suggested to use SplitMix64 to initialize the state of the generators starting from 
+*     a 64-bit seed, as research has shown that initialization must be performed with a generator 
+*     radically different in nature from the one initialized to avoid correlation on similar seeds.
+*
+*   CONFIGURATION:
+*       #define RPRAND_IMPLEMENTATION
+*           Generates the implementation of the library into the included file.
+*           If not defined, the library is in header only mode and can be included in other headers
+*           or source files without problems. But only ONE file should hold the implementation.
+* 
+*   DEPENDENCIES: none
+*
+*   VERSIONS HISTORY:
+*       1.0 (01-Jun-2023) First version
+*
+*
+*   LICENSE: zlib/libpng
+*
+*   Copyright (c) 2023 Ramon Santamaria (@raysan5)
+*
+*   This software is provided "as-is", without any express or implied warranty. In no event
+*   will the authors be held liable for any damages arising from the use of this software.
+*
+*   Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose, including commercial
+*   applications, and to alter it and redistribute it freely, subject to the following restrictions:
+*
+*     1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not claim that you
+*     wrote the original software. If you use this software in a product, an acknowledgment
+*     in the product documentation would be appreciated but is not required.
+*
+*     2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be misrepresented
+*     as being the original software.
+*
+*     3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution.
+*
+**********************************************************************************************/
+
+#ifndef RPRAND_H
+#define RPRAND_H
+
+#define RPRAND_VERSION    "1.0"
+
+// Function specifiers in case library is build/used as a shared library (Windows)
+// NOTE: Microsoft specifiers to tell compiler that symbols are imported/exported from a .dll
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+    #if defined(BUILD_LIBTYPE_SHARED)
+        #define RPRAND __declspec(dllexport)     // We are building the library as a Win32 shared library (.dll)
+    #elif defined(USE_LIBTYPE_SHARED)
+        #define RPRAND __declspec(dllimport)     // We are using the library as a Win32 shared library (.dll)
+    #endif
+#endif
+
+// Function specifiers definition
+#ifndef RPRANDAPI
+    #define RPRANDAPI       // Functions defined as 'extern' by default (implicit specifiers)
+#endif
+
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Defines and Macros
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Allow custom memory allocators
+#ifndef RPRAND_CALLOC
+    #define RPRAND_CALLOC(ptr,sz)     calloc(ptr,sz)
+#endif
+#ifndef RPRAND_FREE
+    #define RPRAND_FREE(ptr)          free(ptr)
+#endif
+
+// Simple log system to avoid RPNG_LOG() calls if required
+// NOTE: Avoiding those calls, also avoids const strings memory usage
+#define RPRAND_SHOW_LOG_INFO
+#if defined(RPNG_SHOW_LOG_INFO)
+  #define RPRAND_LOG(...) printf(__VA_ARGS__)
+#else
+  #define RPRAND_LOG(...)
+#endif
+
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Types and Structures Definition
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//...
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {                // Prevents name mangling of functions
+#endif
+
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Global Variables Definition
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//...
+
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Module Functions Declaration
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+RPRANDAPI void rprand_set_seed(unsigned long long seed);        // Set rprand_state for Xoshiro128**, seed is 64bit
+RPRANDAPI int rprand_get_value(int min, int max);               // Get random value within a range, min and max included
+
+RPRANDAPI int *rprand_load_sequence(unsigned int count, int min, int max); // Load pseudo-random numbers sequence with no duplicates
+RPRANDAPI void rprand_unload_sequence(int *sequence);           // Unload pseudo-random numbers sequence
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif // RPRAND_H
+
+/***********************************************************************************
+*
+*   RPRAND IMPLEMENTATION
+*
+************************************************************************************/
+
+#if defined(RPRAND_IMPLEMENTATION)
+
+#include <stdlib.h>     // Required for: calloc(), free(), abs()
+#include <stdint.h>     // Required for data types: uint32_t, uint64_t
+
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Types and Structures Definition
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// ...
+
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Global Variables Definition
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static uint64_t rprand_seed = 0xAABBCCDD;       // SplitMix64 default seed (aligned to rprand_state)
+static uint32_t rprand_state[4] = {             // Xoshiro128** state, initialized by SplitMix64
+    0x96ea83c1,
+    0x218b21e5,
+    0xaa91febd,
+    0x976414d4
+};        
+
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Module internal functions declaration
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static uint32_t rprand_xoshiro(void);           // Xoshiro128** generator (uses global rprand_state)
+static uint64_t rprand_splitmix64(void);        // SplitMix64 generator (uses seed to generate rprand_state)
+
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Module functions definition
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Set rprand_state for Xoshiro128**
+// NOTE: We use a custom generation algorithm using SplitMix64
+void rprand_set_seed(unsigned long long seed)
+{
+    rprand_seed = (uint64_t)seed;    // Set SplitMix64 seed for further use
+
+    // To generate the Xoshiro128** state, we use SplitMix64 generator first
+    // We generate 4 pseudo-random 64bit numbers that we combine using their LSB|MSB
+    rprand_state[0] = (uint32_t)(rprand_splitmix64() & 0xffffffff);
+    rprand_state[1] = (uint32_t)((rprand_splitmix64() & 0xffffffff00000000) >> 32);
+    rprand_state[2] = (uint32_t)(rprand_splitmix64() & 0xffffffff);
+    rprand_state[3] = (uint32_t)((rprand_splitmix64() & 0xffffffff00000000) >> 32);
+}
+
+// Get random value within a range, min and max included
+int rprand_get_value(int min, int max)
+{
+    int value = rprand_xoshiro()%(abs(max - min) + 1) + min;
+
+    return value;
+}
+
+// Load pseudo-random numbers sequence with no duplicates, min and max included
+int *rprand_load_sequence(unsigned int count, int min, int max)
+{
+    int *sequence = NULL;
+    
+    if (count > (unsigned int)(abs(max - min) + 1)) 
+    {
+        RPRAND_LOG("WARNING: Sequence count required is greater than range provided\n");
+        //count = (max - min);
+        return sequence;
+    }
+
+    sequence = (int *)RPRAND_CALLOC(count, sizeof(int));
+
+    int value = 0;
+    bool value_is_dup = false;
+
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count;)
+    {
+        value = ((unsigned int)rprand_xoshiro()%(abs(max - min) + 1)) + min;
+
+        for (unsigned int j = 0; j < i; j++)
+        {
+            if (sequence[j] == value)
+            {
+                value_is_dup = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!value_is_dup)
+        {
+            sequence[i] = value;
+            i++;
+        }
+
+        value_is_dup = false;
+    }
+
+    return sequence;
+}
+
+// Unload pseudo-random numbers sequence
+void rprand_unload_sequence(int *sequence)
+{
+    RPRAND_FREE(sequence);
+    sequence = NULL;
+}
+
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Module internal functions definition
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static inline uint32_t rprand_rotate_left(const uint32_t x, int k)
+{
+    return (x << k) | (x >> (32 - k));
+}
+
+// Xoshiro128** generator info:
+//   
+//   Written in 2018 by David Blackman and Sebastiano Vigna (vigna@acm.org)
+//   
+//   To the extent possible under law, the author has dedicated all copyright
+//   and related and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain
+//   worldwide. This software is distributed without any warranty.
+//   
+//   See <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>.
+//   
+//   This is xoshiro128** 1.1, one of our 32-bit all-purpose, rock-solid
+//   generators. It has excellent speed, a state size (128 bits) that is
+//   large enough for mild parallelism, and it passes all tests we are aware
+//   of.
+// 
+//   Note that version 1.0 had mistakenly s[0] instead of s[1] as state
+//   word passed to the scrambler.
+// 
+//   For generating just single-precision (i.e., 32-bit) floating-point
+//   numbers, xoshiro128+ is even faster.
+// 
+//   The state must be seeded so that it is not everywhere zero.
+//
+uint32_t rprand_xoshiro(void)
+{
+    const uint32_t result = rprand_rotate_left(rprand_state[1]*5, 7)*9;
+    const uint32_t t = rprand_state[1] << 9;
+
+    rprand_state[2] ^= rprand_state[0];
+    rprand_state[3] ^= rprand_state[1];
+    rprand_state[1] ^= rprand_state[2];
+    rprand_state[0] ^= rprand_state[3];
+    
+    rprand_state[2] ^= t;
+    
+    rprand_state[3] = rprand_rotate_left(rprand_state[3], 11);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+// SplitMix64 generator info:
+//   
+//   Written in 2015 by Sebastiano Vigna (vigna@acm.org)
+//   
+//   To the extent possible under law, the author has dedicated all copyright
+//   and related and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain
+//   worldwide. This software is distributed without any warranty.
+//   
+//   See <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>.
+//   
+//
+//   This is a fixed-increment version of Java 8's SplittableRandom generator
+//   See http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2714064.2660195 and
+//   http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/SplittableRandom.html
+//   
+//   It is a very fast generator passing BigCrush, and it can be useful if
+//   for some reason you absolutely want 64 bits of state.
+uint64_t rprand_splitmix64()
+{
+    uint64_t z = (rprand_seed += 0x9e3779b97f4a7c15);
+    z = (z ^ (z >> 30))*0xbf58476d1ce4e5b9;
+    z = (z ^ (z >> 27))*0x94d049bb133111eb;
+    return z ^ (z >> 31);
+}
+
+#endif  // RPRAND_IMPLEMENTATION
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