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| author | Sebastiano Tronto <sebastiano@tronto.net> | 2023-03-19 22:34:16 +0100 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Sebastiano Tronto <sebastiano@tronto.net> | 2023-03-19 22:34:16 +0100 |
| commit | 894de25beb628716e1b7abe4fc35ca0255289160 (patch) | |
| tree | 4990bbf00d9a31108cf40367d03a4cc950ab6ce1 | |
| download | bclibrary-894de25beb628716e1b7abe4fc35ca0255289160.tar.gz bclibrary-894de25beb628716e1b7abe4fc35ca0255289160.zip | |
Initial commit
| -rw-r--r-- | README.md | 5 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | bc.library | 277 |
2 files changed, 282 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..86f57d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md | |||
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| 1 | This is a small collection of mathematical functions for bc(1), | ||
| 2 | the standard UNIX basic calculator. | ||
| 3 | |||
| 4 | To use them, copy `bc.library` in a convenient location and call | ||
| 5 | bc with `bc /path/to/bc.library`. | ||
diff --git a/bc.library b/bc.library new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6b94a01 --- /dev/null +++ b/bc.library | |||
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| 1 | /* | ||
| 2 | * The content of this file is free knowledge. | ||
| 3 | * No copyright applies. No warranty is provided. | ||
| 4 | * | ||
| 5 | * The following functions are available (aliases in parentheses): | ||
| 6 | * General utility: max, min, sgn, abs, floor, ceiling | ||
| 7 | * Arithmetic: factorial(fact), binomial(binom, bin), gcd, lcm, totient(phi) | ||
| 8 | * Calculus: exp, log(ln), pow, sin, cos, tan, cosh, sinh, tanh | ||
| 9 | * atan, atan2, asin, acos, atanh, asinh, acosh | ||
| 10 | * Constants (as functions): e(), pi() | ||
| 11 | * | ||
| 12 | * Approximation of inverse trigonometric functions and of pi is not good. | ||
| 13 | * | ||
| 14 | * For functions returning non-integer values, remember to set the | ||
| 15 | * desired scaled value before calling the function. | ||
| 16 | */ | ||
| 17 | |||
| 18 | /* General utility functions */ | ||
| 19 | |||
| 20 | define max(x, y) { | ||
| 21 | if (x >= y) return x | ||
| 22 | return y | ||
| 23 | } | ||
| 24 | |||
| 25 | define min(x, y) { | ||
| 26 | if (x <= y) return x | ||
| 27 | return y | ||
| 28 | } | ||
| 29 | |||
| 30 | define sgn(c) { | ||
| 31 | if (x > 0) return 1 | ||
| 32 | if (x < 0) return -1 | ||
| 33 | return 0 | ||
| 34 | } | ||
| 35 | |||
| 36 | define abs(x) { | ||
| 37 | return x * sgn(x) | ||
| 38 | } | ||
| 39 | |||
| 40 | define floor(x) { | ||
| 41 | auto s, y | ||
| 42 | if (x < 0) return -ceiling(-x) | ||
| 43 | s = scale | ||
| 44 | scale = 0 | ||
| 45 | y = x / 1 | ||
| 46 | scale = s | ||
| 47 | return y | ||
| 48 | } | ||
| 49 | |||
| 50 | define ceiling(x) { | ||
| 51 | if (x < 0) return -floor(-x) | ||
| 52 | if (floor(x) == x) return x | ||
| 53 | return 1 + floor(x) | ||
| 54 | } | ||
| 55 | |||
| 56 | /* Arithmetic */ | ||
| 57 | |||
| 58 | define factorial(n) { | ||
| 59 | auto i, res, s | ||
| 60 | s = scale | ||
| 61 | scale = 0 | ||
| 62 | res = 1 | ||
| 63 | for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) res *= i | ||
| 64 | scale = s | ||
| 65 | return res | ||
| 66 | } | ||
| 67 | |||
| 68 | define fact(n) { | ||
| 69 | return factorial(n) | ||
| 70 | } | ||
| 71 | |||
| 72 | define binomial(n, k) { | ||
| 73 | auto i, j, told[], tnew[], s | ||
| 74 | if (k < 0) return -1 | ||
| 75 | if (k > n) return 0 | ||
| 76 | s = scale | ||
| 77 | scale = 0 | ||
| 78 | tnew[0] = 1 | ||
| 79 | for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) { | ||
| 80 | for (j = 0; j <= i; j++) told[j] = tnew[j] | ||
| 81 | for (j = 1; j <= i; j++) tnew[j] = told[j] + told[j-1] | ||
| 82 | } | ||
| 83 | scale = s | ||
| 84 | return tnew[k] | ||
| 85 | } | ||
| 86 | |||
| 87 | define binom(n, k) { | ||
| 88 | return binomial(n, k) | ||
| 89 | } | ||
| 90 | |||
| 91 | define bin(n, k) { | ||
| 92 | return binomial(n, k) | ||
| 93 | } | ||
| 94 | |||
| 95 | define gcd(a, b) { | ||
| 96 | auto s, aux | ||
| 97 | s = scale | ||
| 98 | scale = 0 | ||
| 99 | a /= 1 | ||
| 100 | b /= 1 | ||
| 101 | while (b != 0) { | ||
| 102 | aux = a | ||
| 103 | a = b | ||
| 104 | b = aux % b | ||
| 105 | } | ||
| 106 | scale = s | ||
| 107 | return a | ||
| 108 | } | ||
| 109 | |||
| 110 | define lcm(a, b) { | ||
| 111 | if (a == 0 || b == 0) return 0 | ||
| 112 | return a * b / gcd(a, b) | ||
| 113 | } | ||
| 114 | |||
| 115 | define phi(n) { | ||
| 116 | auto i, j, f[], r, s | ||
| 117 | s = scale | ||
| 118 | scale = 0 | ||
| 119 | j = 0 | ||
| 120 | r = n | ||
| 121 | for (i = 2; i*i <= r; i++) { | ||
| 122 | if (n % i == 0) { | ||
| 123 | f[j] = i | ||
| 124 | j += 1 | ||
| 125 | while (n % i == 0) n /= i | ||
| 126 | } | ||
| 127 | } | ||
| 128 | for (i = 0; i < j; i++) r -= r / f[i] | ||
| 129 | scale = s | ||
| 130 | return r | ||
| 131 | } | ||
| 132 | |||
| 133 | define totient(n) { | ||
| 134 | return phi(n) | ||
| 135 | } | ||
| 136 | |||
| 137 | /* Calculus */ | ||
| 138 | |||
| 139 | define exp(x) { | ||
| 140 | auto i, n, d, series | ||
| 141 | scale += 10 | ||
| 142 | i = 0 | ||
| 143 | n = 1 | ||
| 144 | d = 1 | ||
| 145 | series = 0 | ||
| 146 | while (n/d != 0) { | ||
| 147 | series += n/d | ||
| 148 | i += 1 | ||
| 149 | n *= x | ||
| 150 | d *= i | ||
| 151 | } | ||
| 152 | scale -= 10 | ||
| 153 | return series / 1 | ||
| 154 | } | ||
| 155 | |||
| 156 | define e() { | ||
| 157 | return exp(1) | ||
| 158 | } | ||
| 159 | |||
| 160 | /* Log: first take some square roots to make x smaller, then | ||
| 161 | use Newton's method to solve e^y-x=0 */ | ||
| 162 | define log(x) { | ||
| 163 | auto m, s, t, n, d | ||
| 164 | scale += 10 | ||
| 165 | while (x > 3) { | ||
| 166 | m += 1 | ||
| 167 | x = sqrt(x) | ||
| 168 | } | ||
| 169 | t = x | ||
| 170 | d = exp(t) | ||
| 171 | n = d - x | ||
| 172 | while (n/d != 0) { | ||
| 173 | t -= n/d | ||
| 174 | d = exp(t) | ||
| 175 | n = d - x | ||
| 176 | } | ||
| 177 | scale -= 10 | ||
| 178 | return (t * 2^m) / 1 | ||
| 179 | } | ||
| 180 | |||
| 181 | define ln(x) { | ||
| 182 | return log(x) | ||
| 183 | } | ||
| 184 | |||
| 185 | define pow(a, b) { | ||
| 186 | if (b != floor(b)) return (2^floor(b)) * exp(log(a)*(b-floor(b))) | ||
| 187 | return a ^ b | ||
| 188 | } | ||
| 189 | |||
| 190 | define trig(x, ii, in, id) { | ||
| 191 | auto i, n, d, series | ||
| 192 | scale += 10 | ||
| 193 | i = ii | ||
| 194 | n = in | ||
| 195 | d = id | ||
| 196 | while (n/d != 0) { | ||
| 197 | series += n/d | ||
| 198 | i += 2 | ||
| 199 | n *= -x*x | ||
| 200 | d *= i*(i-1) | ||
| 201 | } | ||
| 202 | scale -= 10 | ||
| 203 | return series / 1 | ||
| 204 | } | ||
| 205 | |||
| 206 | define sin(x) { | ||
| 207 | return trig(x, 1, x, 1) | ||
| 208 | } | ||
| 209 | |||
| 210 | define cos(x) { | ||
| 211 | return trig(x, 0, 1, 1) | ||
| 212 | } | ||
| 213 | |||
| 214 | define tan(x) { | ||
| 215 | return sin(x) / cos(x) | ||
| 216 | } | ||
| 217 | |||
| 218 | define sinh(x) { | ||
| 219 | return 0.5*(exp(x) - exp(-x)) | ||
| 220 | } | ||
| 221 | |||
| 222 | define cosh(x) { | ||
| 223 | return 0.5*(exp(x) + exp(-x)) | ||
| 224 | } | ||
| 225 | |||
| 226 | define tanh(x) { | ||
| 227 | return sinh(x) / cosh(x) | ||
| 228 | } | ||
| 229 | |||
| 230 | /* Atan: approximate integral of 1/(1+x^2) */ | ||
| 231 | define atan(x) { | ||
| 232 | auto i, n, f1, f2, a, res, s | ||
| 233 | s = scale | ||
| 234 | scale = 10 | ||
| 235 | n = 10^4 | ||
| 236 | res = 0 | ||
| 237 | for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { | ||
| 238 | f1 = 1 + (x*i/n)^2 | ||
| 239 | f2 = 1 + (x*(i+1)/n)^2 | ||
| 240 | a = (f1 + f2) / (2 * f1 * f2) | ||
| 241 | res += a * x / n | ||
| 242 | } | ||
| 243 | scale = s | ||
| 244 | return res/1 | ||
| 245 | } | ||
| 246 | |||
| 247 | define pi() { | ||
| 248 | return 4 * atan(1) | ||
| 249 | } | ||
| 250 | |||
| 251 | define atan2(y, x) { | ||
| 252 | if (x > 0) return atan(y/x) | ||
| 253 | if (x < 0 && y >= 0) return atan(y/x) + pi() | ||
| 254 | if (x < 0 && y < 0) return atan(y/x) - pi() | ||
| 255 | if (x == 0 && y > 0) return pi() / 2 | ||
| 256 | return -pi() / 2 | ||
| 257 | } | ||
| 258 | |||
| 259 | define asin(x) { | ||
| 260 | return atan2(x, sqrt((1+x)*(1-x))) | ||
| 261 | } | ||
| 262 | |||
| 263 | define acos(x) { | ||
| 264 | return atan2(sqrt((1+x)*(1-x)), x) | ||
| 265 | } | ||
| 266 | |||
| 267 | define atanh(x) { | ||
| 268 | return 0.5 * log((1+x)/(1-x)) | ||
| 269 | } | ||
| 270 | |||
| 271 | define asinh(x) { | ||
| 272 | return log(x + sqrt(x^2 + 1)) | ||
| 273 | } | ||
| 274 | |||
| 275 | define acosh(x) { | ||
| 276 | return log(x + sqrt(x^2 - 1)) | ||
| 277 | } | ||
