2-LatexFundamentals.tex (10210B)
1 \documentclass[11pt]{beamer} 2 \usetheme{Madrid} 3 \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} 4 \usepackage{amsmath, amssymb, amsfonts, amsthm} 5 \usepackage{xcolor} 6 7 \usepackage{tikz-cd} 8 9 \author[\texttt{sebastiano.tronto@uni.lu}]{Sebastiano Tronto} 10 \title{Latex Fundamentals} 11 \logo{\includegraphics[scale=0.1]{img/unilu.jpg}} 12 %\institute{University of Luxembourg} 13 14 \newcommand{\bs}{\textbackslash} 15 16 \date{2021-02-19} 17 18 \begin{document} 19 20 \begin{frame} 21 \titlepage 22 \end{frame} 23 24 \begin{frame}{Latex} 25 \begin{enumerate} 26 \item Write code (like HTML, not like Python) 27 \item Compile to get a pdf file 28 \item ??? 29 \item Profit 30 \end{enumerate} 31 \end{frame} 32 33 34 \begin{frame}{Document structure} 35 \includegraphics[scale=0.5]{img/example2-preamble-edited.png} 36 \end{frame} 37 38 \begin{frame}{Preamble} 39 \begin{itemize} 40 \item Include packages with \texttt{\bs usepackage} 41 \item Define properties of the document (\texttt{\bs documentclass}, 42 \texttt{\bs author}, ...) 43 \item Define new commands and environments 44 \end{itemize} 45 \end{frame} 46 47 \begin{frame}{Text formatting} 48 \begin{center} 49 50 \begin{tabular}{ccc} 51 \texttt{\small \bs textbf\{Hello\}} & 52 \texttt{\small \bs textit\{Hello\}} or \texttt{\small\bs emph\{Hello\}} & 53 \texttt{\small \bs underline\{Hello\}} \\ 54 \textbf{Hello} & \textit{Hello} & \underline{Hello} 55 \end{tabular} 56 57 \vspace{0.7cm} 58 \begin{tabular}{ccc} 59 \texttt{\small \{\bs small Hello\}} & \hspace{1cm} 60 \texttt{\small \{\bs Large Hello\}} \hspace{1cm} & 61 \texttt{\small \{\bs huge Hello\}} \\ 62 {\small Hello} & {\Large Hello} & {\huge Hello} 63 \end{tabular} 64 65 \end{center} 66 \end{frame} 67 68 \begin{frame}{Text formatting} 69 Some technicalities: 70 \begin{itemize} 71 \item Blocks are delimited by \{ and \} 72 \item \texttt{\bs textbf\{...\}} etc. are commands with one argument 73 \item \texttt{\bs emph\{...\}} is context-aware (when in doubt use this) 74 \item \texttt{\bs Large} etc. change the text until the end of the block 75 \item Some people use \texttt{\{\bs bf Hello\}}, but it is deprecated 76 \end{itemize} 77 \end{frame} 78 79 \begin{frame}{Text formatting} 80 \begin{center} 81 \begin{tabular}{lc} 82 \texttt{\{\bs tiny Hello\}} & {\tiny Hello} \\ 83 \texttt{\{\bs scriptsize Hello\}} & {\scriptsize Hello} \\ 84 \texttt{\{\bs footnotesize Hello\}} & {\footnotesize Hello} \\ 85 \texttt{\{\bs normalsize Hello\}} & {\normalsize Hello} \\ 86 \texttt{\{\bs large Hello\}} & {\large Hello} \\ 87 \texttt{\{\bs Large Hello\}} & {\Large Hello} \\ 88 \texttt{\{\bs LARGE Hello\}} & {\LARGE Hello} \\ 89 \texttt{\{\bs huge Hello\}} & {\huge Hello} \\ 90 \texttt{\{\bs Huge Hello\}} & {\Huge Hello} \\ 91 \end{tabular} 92 \end{center} 93 \end{frame} 94 95 \begin{frame}{Math mode} 96 \texttt{One can write math inline, like 97 {\color{red}\bs(} \bs sum\_i\bs frac\{i\}\{2\} {\color{red}\bs)}, 98 or in displaystyle: 99 {\color{red}\bs[} \bs sum\_i\bs frac\{i\}\{2\} {\color{red}\bs]} 100 } 101 102 \vspace{1.5cm} 103 One can write math inline, like \(\sum_i\frac{i}{2}\) or in displaystyle: 104 \[\sum_i\frac{i}{2}\] 105 \end{frame} 106 107 \begin{frame}{Math mode} 108 \begin{center} 109 For formulas spanning multiple lines you can use: 110 111 \vspace{0.5cm} 112 \texttt{\color{red}\bs begin\{align\} (...) \bs end \{align\}} 113 \begin{align} 114 e^x =& \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{x^n}{n!} \\ 115 =& 1 + x + \frac{x^2}{2} + \frac{x^3}{6} + \cdots 116 \end{align} 117 or \texttt{\color{red}\bs begin\{align*\} (...) \bs end\{align*\}} for no 118 numbers. 119 \end{center} 120 \end{frame} 121 122 \begin{frame}{Math mode} 123 \begin{itemize} 124 \item Some people use \texttt{\$2+2=4\$} instead of \texttt{\bs(2+2=4\bs)} 125 \item Some \textbf{evil} people use \texttt{\$\$2+2=4\$\$} instead of 126 \texttt{\bs[2+2=4\bs]} (don't try this at home!) 127 \item For \texttt{align} use \texttt{\bs nonumber} to remove one number 128 and \texttt{\&} to align. 129 \item For example I always use \texttt{\$2+2=4\$} and the \texttt{align*} 130 environment. 131 \end{itemize} 132 \end{frame} 133 134 \begin{frame}{Math mode} 135 \begin{itemize} 136 \item Simple symbols: letters, numbers, $+,-,=,<,>$... 137 \item Symbols that need a \textbf{command}: 138 139 \vspace{0.6cm} 140 \begin{tabular}{c|c|c|c|c} 141 \texttt{\bs alpha, \bs Phi} & \texttt{\bs times, \bs cdot} & 142 \texttt{\bs sum} & \texttt{\bs leq, \bs geq} & \texttt{\bs infty}\\ 143 $\alpha,\Phi$ & $\times,\cdot$ & $\sum$ & $\leq,\geq$ & $\infty$ 144 \end{tabular} 145 \vspace{0.6cm} 146 \item Negate symbols with \texttt{\bs not}: 147 \begin{align*} 148 \texttt{x \bs not \bs in A} \qquad\to&\qquad x\not\in A\\ 149 \texttt{x \bs not = y}\quad\text{ or }\quad\texttt{x \bs neq y} 150 \qquad\to&\qquad x\neq y\\ 151 \end{align*} 152 \end{itemize} 153 \end{frame} 154 155 \begin{frame}{Math mode} 156 \begin{itemize} 157 \item Some commands take one or more \textbf{arguments} (like 158 \texttt{\bs frac}). 159 160 Anything can be an argument: 161 \begin{align*} 162 \texttt{\bs frac\{1\}\{\bs sum\_\{n\}\}}\qquad\to\qquad 163 \frac{1}{\sum_{n} \sqrt n} 164 \end{align*} 165 \item A few commands take \textbf{options}: 166 \texttt{\bs sqrt[3]\{x\}} $\to\,\sqrt[3]{x}$ 167 %\item Most of these commands work only in Math mode 168 \end{itemize} 169 \end{frame} 170 171 172 \begin{frame}{Math mode} 173 \begin{itemize} 174 \item Every symbol can have a \textbf{subscript} and a \textbf{superscript} 175 \begin{align*} 176 \texttt{x\_0\^{}\{23\}} \qquad \to \qquad x_0^{23} 177 \end{align*} 178 \item Anything can be a sub/superscript: 179 \begin{align*} 180 \texttt{\bs int\_\{\bs phi (y)\}\^{}\{2\^{}\{n\_1\}\}} 181 \qquad \to \qquad \int_{\phi(y)}^{2^{n_1}} 182 \end{align*} 183 \end{itemize} 184 \end{frame} 185 186 187 \begin{frame}{Math mode} 188 \begin{itemize} 189 \item Adjust parentheses size with \texttt{\bs left(} and 190 \texttt{\bs right)}: \[\left(\frac{x+6}{y-2}\right)\] 191 \item Insert text with \texttt{\bs text} and 192 spaces with \texttt{\bs ,} and \texttt{\bs quad}: 193 \[\text{this symbol}\quad \sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!} \quad 194 \text{is in math mode}, this is not text\] 195 \end{itemize} 196 \end{frame} 197 198 \begin{frame}{Math mode} 199 200 \begin{itemize} 201 \item Fancy letters with \texttt{\bs mathcal}, 202 \texttt{\bs mathbb} and \texttt{\bs mathfrak}: 203 \begin{align*} 204 \mathcal{A} \qquad \mathbb R \qquad \mathfrak p 205 \end{align*} 206 \item For custom operators use \texttt{\bs operatorname\{oper\}}: 207 \begin{align*} 208 \operatorname{oper}(x) 209 \end{align*} 210 \item Pro-tip: write \texttt{\bs newcommand\{\bs R\}\{\bs mathbb R\}} and 211 \texttt{\bs DeclareMathOperator\{\bs lcm\}\{lcm\}} in your preamble! 212 \end{itemize} 213 \end{frame} 214 215 \begin{frame}{Math mode} 216 \begin{itemize} 217 \item Wikibooks page on Math mode: 218 {\small\url{https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Mathematics}} 219 \item Advanced stuff: 220 {\small\url{https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Advanced_Mathematics}} 221 \item List of Mathematical symbols: 222 {\small\url{https://www.caam.rice.edu/~heinken/latex/symbols.pdf}} 223 \end{itemize} 224 \end{frame} 225 226 \begin{frame}{Environments} 227 \texttt{\color{red}\bs begin\{something\}} 228 Inside an environment 229 \texttt{\color{red}\bs end\{something\}} 230 231 \vspace{0.8cm} 232 \begin{itemize} 233 \item We have seen \texttt{document} and \texttt{align} 234 \item Text and symbols appear differently depending on the environment 235 \item Certain commands are specific to an environment 236 \item You can define new environments 237 \end{itemize} 238 \end{frame} 239 240 241 \begin{frame}{Environments} 242 Lists: \texttt{\color{red}itemize} and \texttt{\color{red}enumerate} 243 244 \vspace{0.8cm} 245 \begin{columns} 246 \column{0.5\textwidth} 247 \begin{itemize} 248 \item First: \[2+2=4\] 249 \item Second 250 \end{itemize} 251 252 \column{0.5\textwidth} 253 \texttt{\bs begin\{itemize\}} 254 255 \texttt{\qquad \bs item First: \bs[2+2=4\bs]} 256 257 \texttt{\qquad \bs item Second} 258 259 \texttt{\bs end\{itemize\}} 260 \end{columns} 261 \end{frame} 262 263 \begin{frame}{Environments} 264 Tables: \texttt{tabular} (text) and \texttt{array} (Math mode) 265 266 \vspace{0.8cm} 267 \begin{columns} 268 \column{0.5\textwidth} 269 \begin{tabular}{r|cc} 270 This & is & just \\ 271 \hline 272 a & boring & table 273 \end{tabular} 274 275 \column{0.5\textwidth} 276 \texttt{\bs begin\{tabular\}\{r|cc\}} 277 278 \texttt{\qquad This \& is \& just \bs\bs} 279 280 \texttt{\qquad \bs hline} 281 282 \texttt{\qquad a \& boring \& table} 283 284 \texttt{\bs end\{tabular\}} 285 \end{columns} 286 287 \vspace{0.8cm} 288 Matrices: \texttt{array} with parentheses or \texttt{pmatrix} 289 \end{frame} 290 291 \begin{frame}{Sections} 292 \begin{itemize} 293 \item Use \texttt{\bs section\{Section Name\}} to start a new section 294 \item Also: \texttt{\bs chapter} (book only), \texttt{\bs subsection}, 295 \texttt{subsubsection}... 296 \item \texttt{\bs section*\{Name\}} for no number 297 \item Sections after \texttt{\bs appendix} are numbered differently 298 \end{itemize} 299 \end{frame} 300 301 \begin{frame}{Theorems} 302 303 \begin{itemize} 304 \item In preamble: \texttt{\bs usepackage\{amsthm\}} 305 \item Also in preamble \texttt{\bs newtheorem \{envname\}\{Theorem\}} 306 \item Use \texttt{\bs newtheorem*} for no number 307 \end{itemize} 308 \end{frame} 309 310 \begin{frame}{Theorems} 311 \begin{columns} 312 \column{0.5\textwidth} 313 \includegraphics[scale=0.3]{img/thm_pre.png} 314 315 \vspace{0.2cm} 316 \vdots 317 \vspace{0.3cm} 318 319 \includegraphics[scale=0.3]{img/thm_tex.png} 320 321 \column{0.5\textwidth} 322 \includegraphics[scale=0.2]{img/thm_pdf.png} 323 324 \vspace{1cm} 325 \end{columns} 326 \end{frame} 327 328 \begin{frame}{End of the lecture} 329 For next time: 330 331 \vspace{0.8cm} 332 \begin{itemize} 333 \item Install Latex on your PC 334 \item Start writing something in Latex (e.g. homework) 335 \item Email me if you have any question 336 \end{itemize} 337 \end{frame} 338 339 \end{document} 340